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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian surgical journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-7270</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-5604</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Фонд Алмазова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsj-10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о так называемой асептической нестабильности компонентов эндопротеза после артропластики тазобедренного и коленного суставов (обзор литературы).</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the issue of the so -called aseptic instability of the endoprosthesis components after hip and knee arthroplasty (literature review).</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4652-6588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исмаел</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismael</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исмaел Аббас – соискатель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismael Abbas – Candidate of Medical Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ismael-abbas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-5160</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткаченко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachenko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткаченко Александр Николаевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tkachenko Alexander Nikolaevich – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">altkachenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7367-7528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савицкий</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savitski</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савицкий Вячеслав Дмитриевич – студент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Savitski Viachеslav Dmitrievich – Student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slava_savitski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И.Мечникова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Исмаел А., Ткаченко А.Н., Савицкий В.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исмаел А., Ткаченко А.Н., Савицкий В.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ismael A., Tkachenko A.N., Savitski V.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10">https://rsj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10</self-uri><abstract><p>Показатели частоты нестабильности компонентов эндопротеза после артропластики суставов существенно отличаются. Асептическая нестабильность импланта является причиной ревизионных тотальных эндопротезирований тазобедренного сустава в 20–80 % случаев. Асептическая нестабильность одного или обоих компонентов эндопротеза была основной причиной ревизионных вмешательств на коленном суставе в 17 % наблюдений. При этом удельный вес асептического расшатывания эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава в структуре первичных ревизий достигает 50,3 %, а в структуре повторных ревизий занимает второе место по частоте после инфекционных осложнений, достигая 20 %. Проводился поиск данных литературы в открытых электронных базах научной литературы PubMed и еLIBRARY по ключевым словам и словосочетаниям. В ряде случаев асептическая нестабильность эндопротезов тазобедренного и коленного суставов таковой не является, так как при углубленном микробиологическом исследовании удается выявить рост низковирулентной микрофлоры. Неоправданное проведение одномоментного реэндопротезирования обусловливает увеличение количества осложнений этой операции, в частности, перипротезной инфекции. В доступной литературе имеется немного работ, посвященных изучению спектра микрофлоры и определению тактики лечения таких пациентов. Очевидна необходимость проведения научных исследований по изучению интраоперационной дифференциальной диагностики перипротезной инфекции у больных с так называемой асептической нестабильностью эндопротеза коленного и тазобедренного суставов в соответствии с принципами доказательной медицины. В обзоре проведен анализ публикаций, посвященных изучению современных аспектов изучения особенностей лечения пациентов с диагнозом асептическая нестабильность имплантов тазобедренного и коленного суставов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The rates of instability of the endoprosthesis components after arthroplasty of the joints differ significantly. Aseptic instability of the implant is the cause of revision total hip arthroplasty in 20–80 % of cases. Aseptic instability of one or both components of the endoprosthesis was the main cause of revision knee joint interventions in 17 % of cases. At the same time, the proportion of aseptic loosening of the hip joint endoprosthesis in the structure of primary revisions reaches 50.3 %, and in the structure of repeated revisions it ranks second in frequency after infectious complications, reaching 20 %. Literature data was searched in the open electronic databases of scientific literature PubMed and Library. The search was carried out by keywords and phrases. In some cases, aseptic instability of hip and knee arthroplasty is not such, since an in-depth microbiological examination can reveal the growth of low-virulent microflora. Unjustified simultaneous re-arthroplasty leads to an increase in the number of complications of this operation, in particular, periprosthetic infection. There are few works in the available literature devoted to the study of the spectrum of microflora and the definition of treatment tactics for such patients. There is an obvious need for scientific research to study the intraoperative differential diagnosis of periprosthetic infection in patients with the so-called aseptic instability of knee and hip arthroplasty in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine. The review analyzes publications devoted to the study of modern aspects of studying the treatment features of patients diagnosed with aseptic instability of hip and knee implants.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>асептическая нестабильность эндопротеза</kwd><kwd>перипротезная инфекция</kwd><kwd>тазобедренный сустав</kwd><kwd>коленный сустав</kwd><kwd>реэндопротезирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aseptic instability of the endoprosthesis</kwd><kwd>periprosthetic infection</kwd><kwd>hip joint</kwd><kwd>knee joint</kwd><kwd>reendoprosthetics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каминский А. В., Марченкова Л. О., Поздняков А. В. Ревизионное эндопротезирование тазобедренного сустава: эпидемилогия, причины, факторы риска (обзор зарубежной литературы). Вестник травматологии и ортопедии им. Н. Н. Приорова. 2015;2:83–89. 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