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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rsj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian surgical journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-7270</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3033-5604</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Фонд Алмазова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/3034-7270-2025-1-4-15-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rsj-70</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Некоторые мифы и заблуждения абдоминальной хирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Some myths and misconceptions about abdominal surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4556-4913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сигуа</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sigua</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сигуа Бадри Валериевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей хирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sigua Badri V. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of General Surgery</p><p>St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sigua_bv@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1362-7916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клеймюк</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kleimuk</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клеймюк Софья Викторовна – ассистент кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kleimuk Sofya V. – Assistant of the Department of General Surgery</p><p>St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofikleim@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9646-9775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьев Иван Анатольевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель главного врача по хирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Solovyov Ivan A. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery</p><p>St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivsolov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6114-8692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сингаевский</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Singaevsky</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сингаевский Андрей Борисович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры общей хирургии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Singaevsky Andrey B. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of General Surgery</p><p>St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrew_spb.surg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Almazov National Medical Research Center” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская Мариинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Mariinsky Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сигуа Б.В., Клеймюк С.В., Соловьев И.А., Сингаевский А.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сигуа Б.В., Клеймюк С.В., Соловьев И.А., Сингаевский А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sigua B.V., Kleimuk S.V., Solovyov I.A., Singaevsky A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rsj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/70">https://rsj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/70</self-uri><abstract><p>В хирургии давно сформировались стойкие убеждения, передающиеся из поколения в поколение от наставника к ученику, которые крепко прижились в практике и зачастую существуют вне рамок строгих клинических исследований. За прошедшие десятилетия в хирургии укоренилось немало мифов, имеющих отдаленное отношение к доказательной медицине, но при этом являющиеся неоспоримым фактом. Но в XXI в. слепое следование им без критического осмысления не только не оправдано, но и потенциально опасно. В исследовании разбирается несколько устоявшихся в хирургии мифов с точки зрения актуальных научных данных, чтобы отделить научно обоснованную практику от устоявшихся, но устаревших представлений. Данная статья – не попытка ниспровергнуть авторитеты или подвергнуть сомнению опыт наших великих предшественников, а напротив, попытка честного и конструктивного диалога во имя главной цели – благополучия пациента.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In surgery, there are certain beliefs that have been passed down from generation to generation, from mentor to student, and have become deeply ingrained in practice, often existing outside the realm of rigorous clinical research. Over the past few decades, surgery has been plagued by numerous myths that have little to do with evidence-based medicine, but have become widely accepted as fact. However, in the 21st century, blindly following these myths without critical examination is not only unjustified but also potentially dangerous. In this article, we have examined several established myths in surgery from the perspective of current scientific data, in order to separate scientifically sound practices from established but outdated beliefs. This article is not an attempt to undermine authority or question the expertise of our great predecessors, but rather an attempt to engage in an honest and constructive dialogue for the sake of the ultimate goal of patient well-being.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хирургические мифы</kwd><kwd>назогастроинтестинальный зонд</kwd><kwd>профилактическое дренирование</kwd><kwd>дивульсия ануса</kwd><kwd>трехрядный шов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>surgical myths</kwd><kwd>nasogastric tube</kwd><kwd>preventive drainage</kwd><kwd>anal divulsion</kwd><kwd>three-row suture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang F, Tong L, Qiao H, et al. Taurine attenuates multiple organ injury induced by intestinal ischemia reperfusion in rats. 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