Possibilities of increasing the efficiency of surgical treatment of patients with borderline skin burns using stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue.

Abstract

Burns are an important medical and social problem of modern healthcare. According to the World Health Organization, burn injuries to the skin account for up to 6 % of all injuries. Particular attention is paid to severely burned patients, among whom the mortality rate remains high even in specialized institutions. In this regard, the search for new and effective methods of treating burns remains an urgent task for surgery. To evaluate the effectiveness of injection administration of a stromal -vascular fraction cell suspension in providing medical care to victims with borderline skin burns. The study included 40 patients aged 18 to 59 years who were treated at the State Budgetary Institution of St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I. I. Dzhanelidze in the period 2021–2023. All victims were divided into two groups: standard treatment using wet-drying dressings (control) and standard treatment supplemented with a single injection of stromal-vascular cell fraction. In the course of the work, we used the clinical method, planimetric and cytological research methods. The database was processed using the generally accepted method of variation statistics. The alternative hypothesis was accepted at p < 0.05. It was found that a single injection of stromal-vascular cell fraction of adipose tissue into the area of a border burn against the background of local treatment allows to reduce the time of epithelialization by 11.5 %, the period of final healing by 18.5 %. In addition, it allows to reduce the frequency of infectious complications by 15 % and significantly reduce the wound area by 2.6 times by the 15 day.