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Author Guidelines

Articles submitted to the journal must comply with the following rules.

General rules

1. The author(s) submit(s) the following materials to the editorial board of the journal in electronic form:

- a cover letter signed by the head of the organization and certified with a seal (in PDF format). The cover letter must include: the full last name, first name, and patronymic name of the author(s), position held, academic degree, and academic rank, postal and e-mail address, and telephone number of the author with whom the editors should correspond;

- the commission's conclusion on the possibility of open publication of the article with the signatures of the chairman and members of the commission (in PDF format);

- a version of the article with the signatures of all authors and the date indicated on the last page (in PDF format);

- an electronic version of the article. The electronic version of the article is a file containing the text of the article without hyphenation in Microsoft Word format. Illustrations are submitted separately in TIFF or JPEG format.

The file with the article is named with the last name of the first author with initials without spaces or periods (for example, Ivanov AA).

When sending files to the editorial office email address, you must adhere to the following rules:

– the subject line of the letter must contain the first author's last name and initials without periods or spaces, then the type of article (review, original, conceptual, practical) must be indicated via an underscore, then the date of sending the manuscript must be written via an underscore in the dd.mm.yy format (for example, IvanovAA_review_01.01.21);

– use file attachments;

– use well-known archivers if necessary.

2. Text formatting

The text of the article is typed in Times New Roman 14, one and a half spacing. Paragraph indentation is 1.25 cm. Margins on each side are 2 cm.

Any actions with the font are prohibited: underlining, italics, bold, uppercase (capital), spacing, condensation, etc. The text is typed without hyphenation (hyphenation, either automatically or manually, is not allowed).

The design of the article must comply with state standard 7.89-2005, “Original texts of the author and publisher. General requirements.”

The diagnosis of diseases and forms of behavioral disorders should be correlated with the International Classification of Diseases and Behavioral Disorders (ICD-10).

Units of measurement are given according to state standard 8.471-2002, “State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Units of quantities.” The volume of review articles should not exceed 15 pages; experimental and general theoretical studies should be 10 pages.

This volume includes the title of the article, name(s) of the organization(s), abstract, keywords in Russian and English, text, illustrations (photographs, drawings), tables, a list of literature, and references.

The recommended number of illustrations is no more than four, tables no more than three.

3. Article structure

The structure of original articles should comply with the IM RAD (Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion) format.

a) UDC, article title, author(s) last name(s) and initials, name of organization(s)/institution(s) (without abbreviations), address, postal code, city, country.

Article title

 – the title should be informative;

 – to make the title description concise, it is recommended to use the main key concepts (words) of the publication topic;

– it is recommended to use no more than 13–15 words in the title (including unions);

– it is prohibited to use abbreviations, except for acceptable international ones (EU, USA, OPEC, etc.);

– only generally accepted abbreviations are allowed;

– when translating untranslatable names, proper names, devices, and other objects with proper names from Russian into English, transliteration is used in the article title.

These rules apply to author summaries (abstracts) and keywords. The names of the authors of articles are presented in one of the accepted international transliteration systems and should not be changed in all publications of the author.

When transliterating, it is recommended to use the BSI standard (British Standard Institute, UK). For this, you can use the online service for transliterating the bibliographic description of scientific publications.

b) Abstract.

The author's abstract provides an understanding of the main points of the article.

The recommended volume of a structured abstract is at least 250–300 words (for an original article); an unstructured one is 150–200 words (for a scientific review). When composing an abstract, you should be guided by state standard 7.9-95, “Abstract and Abstract. General Requirements”.

The abstract is compiled according to the following scheme:

 – introduction containing the relevance, purpose, and objectives of the work, objects of research, and methods used in the work (in cases where they are new or necessary for understanding the essence and features of the content of the article);

– results (the main theoretical and experimental results of the work); – discussion of the results;

– conclusions or findings. The text of the abstract should use significant words from the text of the article, employ syntactic constructions characteristic of the language of scientific and technical documents, and avoid complex grammatical constructions and unnecessary introductory phrases (for example, “the author of the article considers...”).

The text of the abstract should be coherent, using the words “consequently,” “moreover,” “for example,” “as a result,” etc. (consequently, moreover, for example, the benefits of this study, as a result, etc.), or the disparate provisions presented should logically follow from one another.

When writing an abstract in English, it is necessary to use the active pledge, not the passive pledge, i.e., “The study was tested,” but not “It was tested in this study” (a common mistake in Russian abstracts).

с) Keywords

They succinctly reflect the content of the article and allow you to find the necessary publication in catalogs or electronic databases.

Keywords should be correlated with the rubricator “Medical Subject Headings” (MeSH), developed by the staff of the US National Library of Medicine.

The Russian-language version of the rubricator is available on the website of the Central Medical Scientific Library of the First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov (http://193.232.7.102/cgiopac/opacg/opac.exe).

It is recommended to use 3–7 words or short phrases, the main one of which is indicated at the beginning. If there are no suitable designations for new terms in the lists, the closest ones should be selected from those available.

Translation of the abstract and keywords into English is required.

d) Introduction.

The introduction provides a brief overview of relevant data, a critical assessment of the literature related to the problem under consideration, and a justification for the novelty and significance of the study in a global context (not only in terms of a given city or country).

Unresolved issues are identified, the relevance of the study is justified, and the goal and objectives are formulated, explaining further research and areas of application.

Existing conflicts in theory, methodology, practice, or research findings, “blank spots” in research or scientific schools, and the prospects for developing the topic are described.

The author's position and motivation for creating the article are both specifically stated. Each key word of the article should be reflected in the introduction. It is recommended to avoid long historical digressions.

The author's motivation is expected to:

 – develop a new methodology;

 – use new experimental data;

– fill gaps in science and practice;

– modernize a methodology (theory) or optimize something.

e) Materials and methods.

This section describes the study procedure, provides a rationale for selecting study groups or experiments and choosing methods to ensure the reliability and validity of the results, and briefly presents information on statistical methods. For experimental studies, a detailed description of the experiment, methods, equipment, and research objects used is provided.

This section should contain the following information: where and when the study was conducted; patient inclusion criteria for study groups and exclusion criteria; description of the study method (cohort, prospective, randomized drug trial, retrospective, observational series); detailed description of the new drug, modification, experiment, or surgical intervention in a specific sequence; brief description of the protocol (Standard Operating Protocol, SOP).

It is recommended to follow the “consolidated standards of reporting trials” of the CONSORT Expert Group, which can be found at http://www.consort-statement.org/. Previously published methods should be accompanied by references; the author describes only relevant changes.

Compliance with ethical principles, both local and international (European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals; Helsinki Declaration; informed consent of the patient) must be indicated.

f) Results.

The article's innovation that provides its motivation is revealed. The main requirements for this section are clarity and consistency of presentation, compliance with the stated goal and objectives of the article, and a complete overview of all results. This should be clear and concise and describe the conclusion, idea, concept, or method that the author arrived at as a result of the study.

The data obtained should be presented in absolute numbers, and as a percentage, the 95% confidence interval (95 CI%) and the p-value should be indicated. Error bars are required at all points of experimental and calculated data, with an explanation in the text of how these errors were established.

A compact presentation of the article is facilitated by presenting research materials in the form of tables or illustrations in a logical sequence. It is recommended to limit yourself to those illustrations (tables) that explain the main arguments of the article and assess the degree of their validity.

Data in tables and figures should not be duplicated (either a table or a figure is provided).

j) Discussion.

In this section, the author confirms that the set goal has been successfully completed as it is, and the results are new and applicable in science and practice. The results are analyzed and explained; their place in the structure of knowledge known to mankind is determined. Emphasis is placed on new and important aspects of the study.

The discussion is conducted by correlating one's own observations with other studies in the studied field of knowledge, including studies by foreign authors.

The section describes:

• what facts (methods) the author agrees with and what he does not; in this case, disagreement must be supported by conclusions on one's own methodology, facts (methods) must be compared with each other, provided with a description of the same, similar, different;
• what limitations the study encountered or could encounter;
• what are the prospects for the development of research on this topic; - comparison of different methods (if necessary);
• comparison of research results with the results obtained in similar studies.

Discussion of the obtained results includes a generalization and evaluation of the research results. It is necessary to compare the results obtained in the article with the results of studies by other authors, having considered other scientific concepts, to determine from which position the obtained results can be explained.

This is to reflect the assessment of the reliability of the obtained results and their comparison with other existing results. That is, it is necessary to determine the place of the results obtained during the study in the structure of knowledge known to mankind.

The discussion can include substantiated recommendations for clinical practice and the possible application of the obtained results in future studies.

The volume of the “Discussion” section should be approximately the same as the previous “Results” section.

h) Conclusion / Conclusion (Summary).

The main purpose of conclusions is systematization.

The results that were explained in the discussion are presented in a brief and systematic form and are a concise description of the main part of the article. This indicates the practical and scientific value of the study and possible areas of application.

The most widely used format for this section is the following: start with a few phrases summarizing the work done, and then present the main conclusions in the form of a list.

i) The design of the bibliographic part of the work includes the use of citations and references, as well as a bibliographic description of sources.

Citation

Citing other researchers is done for a number of reasons:

 – to justify the motivation for the research and writing of the article;

 – to make it clear that the research is of an international theoretical and applied nature;

 – to enable other researchers to better understand the author's arguments and point of view.

Quotations are literally reproduced phrases or sentences of another author, related in meaning to the content of the text in which they are inserted.

According to the rules of the Russian language, quotations are set off with quotation marks. One quotation may contain only one excerpt from the work.

References

The reference list should contain, in addition to the fundamental ones, publications from the last 5–10 years. It is recommended to cite no more than 10–15 sources in original articles and 20–30 sources in reviews, 50% of which should be foreign, including articles from publications reviewed in Scopus and WebS (at least 30%).

Sources are recorded in the order in which they were mentioned in the article. The author is responsible for the accuracy of the bibliographic data.

The list of Russian-language literature is designed as a bibliographic index according to state standard 7.0.5-2008, “Bibliographic reference. General requirements and rules for compilation.”

l) References are formatted in accordance with the requirements of foreign citation databases.

The citation style for Russian-language articles is the NLM (National Library of Medicine standard).

Foreign standards for bibliographic records (references) do not use the separating marks used in the Russian state standard 7.0.5-2008 “bibliographic reference.

General requirements and rules for compilation” Transliteration is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the international standard ISO 9:1995.

 Articles from foreign journals are cited in the original language.

4. Requirements for figures:

 – file format (TIFF, any program that supports this format (Adobe Photoshop, CorelDRAW, etc.), diagrams – in Excel or Word with data preservation;

– each figure should be submitted as a separate file in TIFF format, with a resolution of at least 300 dpi;

– width: no more than 100 mm, figure height: no more than 150 mm, figure legend should be easy to read, font size should be at least 8 pt (3.79 l). Figures are sent as separate files; it is prohibited to place figures in Word files when sending them.

Figures must be clear; photographs – contrasting. Figure captions are provided on a separate sheet indicating the figure number, explaining the meaning of all curves, letters, numbers, and other symbols.

The magnification level must be indicated in the captions to the microphotographs. It is not allowed to use abbreviations and acronyms in figure captions.

Texts inside the figures, captions, and notes are duplicated in English under the Russian text. In the text of the article, in the left margin, the place where the figure should be placed is highlighted with a square.

The figure number is indicated inside the square. Electronic files of figures must allow high-quality reproduction of the image in the electronic version of the journal.

 If the figure has already been published, the original source should be indicated.

 People in the photographs should not be recognizable, or the author must provide the editors with written permission from them for publication.

5. Requirements for tables.

Tables must be clear, have a title and a serial number, and the headings must exactly match the contents of the columns. Abbreviations and abbreviations are not allowed in table titles. The names of tables, rows, and columns, as well as notes, are duplicated in English under the Russian title.

Each table must be referenced in the article. All explanations, including the explanation of abbreviations, are given in footnotes. The statistical methods used to present the variability of data and the reliability of differences are indicated.

6. Transliteration and translation.

To help readers who do not know Russian study the articles, at the end of each article, information about the authors, institutions, the transliterated original title of the article, the translated title of the article, an extended abstract, and keywords. A transliterated list of references is also placed in English.

To translate individual words (phrases), you can use automated translation (https://translate.google.ru/).

7. Information about the author(s).

A list of information about the author(s) in Russian and English. Surname, first name, patronymic, academic degree, academic title, name of place of work/study indicated without abbreviations, even if it is generally accepted in the country, postal address (street, house, city, postal code, country); electronic address (e-mail) of the author.

When translating, the official name from the institution's charter should be used; otherwise, affiliation with the institution in international databases will be difficult.

Check for compliance with design requirements.

The editors evaluate the received article for its compliance with the requirements for articles submitted for publication.

Check for compliance with copyright and related rights.

The editors use software to check the article for compliance with copyright and related rights and the presence of borrowings.

Articles containing less than 80% of the original text are returned to the authors for revision within 2 working days from the moment of checking for borrowings. As a rule, an article is published in the journal if it contains at least 80% of the original text.

In exceptional cases, taking into account the nature of the author's borrowing of information from various sources and the presence of links to them. The editorial board, in agreement with the editor-in-chief of the journal or his deputy, may make a positive decision to publish an article with an originality percentage of less than 80%.

Review.

To determine the scientific and methodological level of the article, its examination is carried out in a “double-blind” review (the reviewer does not know who the author of the article is and in what institution the article was prepared; the author does not know who the reviewer is).

The review (examination) period of the article, as a rule, should not exceed 21 days from the date of its receipt by the editors.

The journal reviews all materials received by the editors that correspond to its subject for the purpose of their expert assessment.

All reviewers are qualified specialists in the subject of the reviewed materials and have publications on the subject of the reviewed article over the past 3 years. Reviews are stored in the editorial office for 5 years.

The editorial board of the journal sends copies of reviews or a reasoned refusal to the authors of the submitted materials.

The editorial board of the publication must send copies of reviews to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation upon receipt of a corresponding request by the editorial board of the publication.

An article sent to the journal must not have been sent to other publications and must not have already been published in another journal.

Articles are published in the order in which they are received by the editorial board. The editorial board reserves the right to shorten articles without changing the conceptual basis of their content. Manuscripts are not returned to the authors.

The journal accepts applications for posting information materials (announcements and advertising) on ​​its pages.

Full texts of electronic versions of articles are presented on the website of the Scientific Electronic Library, www.elibrary.ru, and the official website of the journal publisher.

References to articles of the journal are reflected in the Russian Science Citation Index.

Editorial address: Russian Surgical Journal, Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Russia, St. Petersburg, Akkuratov St., Build 2.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

1. The manuscripts are accepted if has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere.

2. The materials should be prepared in a format OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, RTF, or World Perfect.

3. Internet links are provided as a complete URL. 

4. Text should be typed with an interval of one and a half line spacing, font Times New Roman, 14 pt; to highlight the accents it is recommended to use italics rather than underlining (except Internet links). All images, graphics and tables are placed within the text according to the meaning of the particular part of text  (and not at the end of the document).

5. Text should follow the stylistic and bibliography requirements as stated in  Regulations  located in the Part "About Us." 

6. Please, remove the authors' names from the title of the article and other parts of the document to ensure the  anonymity of reviewing.

Copyright Notice

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

Privacy Statement

Specified when registering the names and addresses will be used solely for technical purposes of a contact with the Author or reviewers (editors) when preparing the article for publication. Private data will not be shared with other individuals and organizations.